Pablo Picasso and Paul Éluard’s took up a position against the Francoist rebellion and made works that were committed to the Republican cause. After the war, the beginning of World War II and the “sordid years” were characterized by a fruitful partnership between the two until Au rendez-vous allemand, published in 1944, with a portrait by Picasso. That same year, Picasso joined the French Communist Party, and this affiliation marked an entire generation. Éluard’s influence was decisive, as was the artist’s participation in peace and youth congresses.